https://devlaravel.imosver.com/en/libros/introducao-a-etica-00101269580010126958INTRODUÇÃO À ÉTICA18.64A ciência tenta descrever, o mais rigorosamente possível, o que é ou acontece. De certa forma desenha um mapa da realidade. Conservando a metáfora geográfica, podemos talvez dizer que a finalidade da https://static.arnoia.com/imagenes_small/9789898/978989861812.jpgLibrosLibros/FILOSOFIASin stockDOCUMENTA000https://static.arnoia.com/imagenes_small/9789898/978989861812.jpgI-05899071I-05849576MAC0010611I-0477350119.6250.982012/01/019789898618122Manuel Santos, JoséLibrosaño_2012idioma_PortuguesePautor_Manuel Santos, Josésaga_SEM COLEÇAO
Artículo
INTRODUÇÃO À ÉTICA
Manuel Santos José
DOCUMENTA
FILOSOFIA
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A ciência tenta descrever, o mais rigorosamente possível, o que é ou acontece. De certa forma desenha um mapa da realidade. Conservando a metáfora geográfica, podemos talvez dizer que a finalidade da ética, enquanto ramo da filosofia, não é o desenho de um mapa mas a fabricação de uma bússola. Tanto a antiga questão de Sócrates, «como viver?», como a mais recente de Kant sobre o significado do «dever» moral, «o que devo fazer?», não têm por resposta a positividade de factos visíveis mas a possibilidade invisível da normatividade. Estas perguntas, que estão na origem da ética, exprimem uma inquietude fundamental de todo e qualquer ser humano, que se concretiza numa necessidade de orientação nas relações com os outros, consigo mesmo, com os animais não humanos ou mesmo com a natureza no seu todo. Nesta Introdução à Ética optou-se por combinar os dois modelos habitualmente seguidos pelos prolegómenos a este ramo da filosofia. Assim, na primeira parte, de carácter sistemático, são introduzidos os principais conceitos da ética, as suas tarefas, os seus objectivos e um panorama dos diferentes tipos de teoria ética. Na segunda parte, de carácter histórico, são apresentadas as éticas de referência de Aristóteles e Kant, a filosofia prática de Epicuro e algumas teorias éticas contemporâneas (Apel, Habermas, MacIntyre, Nussbaum).